ZONALITERASI.ID – Literasi finansial (keuangan) itu penting. Soalnya, fakta di lapangan menunjukkan, generasi saat ini cenderung boros, cepat bosan, serta mendapatkan kemudahan dan kenyamanan dalam berbelanja.
Selain itu, mereka pun dimanjakan oleh adanya financial technology, rentan terpengaruh iklan dan idola, kemampuan pengelolaan keuangan buruk, dan minimnya informasi literasi keuangan.
“Literasi keuangan sendiri itu sangat penting, kenapa? Itu salah satu emerging skills yang harus dikuasai anak-anak di abad ini selain literasi dasar yang lain,” kata dosen Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (UNY), Dr. Ratna Candrasari, M.Si., dilansir dari laman FKIP Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) Surakarta, Selasa, 13 Juni 2023.
Selanjutnya Ratna menjelaskan, strategi pembelajaran literasi keuangan dibagi menjadi tiga metode, yaitu untuk usia PAUD (3-5 tahun), usia sekolah dasar (6-12 tahun), dan usia remaja (13-21 tahun).
Pada usia PAUD dilakukan dengan mengaktifkan executive function yaitu kemampuan untuk menunda kesenangan sesaat.
Lalu, untuk usia sekolah dasar menggunakan strategi financial socialization atau menekankan pentingnya interaksi sosial dengan orang tua, guru, atau orang dewasa lainnya dalam membentuk karakter anak yang berupa nilai, norma, sikap, dan kebiasaan keuangan.
Adapun untuk usia remaja menggunakan financial skill building. Strategi ini tidak lagi sebatas pengetahuan, tetapi mereka punya keterampilan dan kebiasaan dalam mengelola keuangan yang positif.
Pada kesempatan sama dosen PG PAUD FKIP UNS, Andriani Rahma Pudyaningtyas, S.Psi., M.A., menuturkan, pendidikan literasi finansial untuk anak usia dini di Indonesia memiliki tantangan tersendiri.
Tantangan tersebut berupa, masyarakat yang menganggap tabu membicarakan tentang uang di hadapan anak, pandangan bahwa literasi finansial bukan merupakan kecakapan hidup yang harus dibekalkan pada anak, dan sebagian besar sekolah tidak mengajarkan anak sejak dini untuk mengatur keuangan secara mandiri.
Dia memaparkan, beberapa pihak bertanggung jawab dalam pendidikan literasi finansial anak usia dini. Adapun pihak tersebut adalah keluarga, sekolah, dan masyarakat.
Disebutkannya, literasi finansial di keluarga dapat dilakukan dengan memperkenalkan kegiatan yang menghasilkan uang, membiasakan dan memberi contoh anak untuk mencatat pemasukan dan pengeluaran, membiasakan anak menabung, mengajak anak bermain melalui permainan yang berkaitan dengan finansial, mengenalkan aplikasi keuangan, membacakan buku cerita, dan mengajarkan anak untuk membuat perencanaan keuangan sendiri.
Kemudian literasi finansial di sekolah dapat dilakukan dengan menyediakan kantin/koperasi sekolah, memasukkan materi tentang pengenalan uang dalam kegiatan pembelajaran, menyelenggarakan kegiatan kewirausahaan, melakukan kunjungan ke pasar, dan melakukan kunjungan ke lembaga keuangan.
“Literasi finansial di sekolah berkaitan dengan seorang guru, artinya guru pun juga harus memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup tentang bagaimana cara mengatur keuangan, bagaimana mengelola keuangan, bagaimana investasi, dan sebagainya,” terangnya.
Andriani menambahkan, untuk literasi keuangan di masyarakat dilakukan melalui kegiatan edukasi keuangan dengan konsep bermain. Pada anak usia dini konsepnya adalah bermain, bermain yang bermakna, dalam melalui permainan itu menyenangkan, anak pun juga akan tahu atau terbekali dengan kecakapan literasi itu. (haf)***
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