ZONALITERASI.ID – Seseorang mungkin pernah dibohongi, baik itu kebohongan sepele untuk menjaga perasaan maupun dusta besar.
Nah, jika ingin membuat diri tidak terlalu rentan terhadap kebohongan, bisa dengan mencermati isyarat verbal dari lawan bicara. Selain itu, ada juga ‘bahasa tubuh’ yang ditunjukkan oleh orang yang sedang berbohong.
Isyarat Verbal
Dilansir dari laman Best Life Online, ada beberapa isyarat verbal yang dapat menjadi tanda bahwa seseorang kemungkinan besar sedang berbohong.
1. Mempertanyakan Pertanyaan
Saat Anda curiga seseorang berbohong, coba kejutkan dia dengan pertanyaan tak terduga. Jika benar orang itu berbohong, kemungkinan besar dia akan mempertanyakan kembali pertanyaan yang kita ajukan sebab butuh waktu lebih untuk berpikir sehingga perlu mengulur-ulur waktu.
Menurut pengacara di Firma hukum Stallard & Bellof, Carolyn Bellof, seseorang yang akan berbohong mungkin akan berpura-pura tidak mengerti pertanyaannya, ragu, dan meminta Anda untuk mengulangi pertanyaannya.
Opsi lain, orang itu bisa saja menghindari untuk menjawab pertanyaan sama sekali karena kebanyakan orang merasa tidak nyaman untuk langsung berbohong.
2. Bertele-tele
Menjawab dengan bertele-tele, terlalu banyak informasi, banyak detail, dan cara bicara tergagap, juga bisa menandakan kebohongan. Terapis di Suffolk Family Therapy, Jackie Martinez, menuturkan, reaksi demikian lebih mungkin terjadi jika orang yang berbohong dibuat lengah.
“Ketika seseorang berbohong, dia merasa perlu memberikan kompensasi yang berlebihan untuk memastikan bahwa orang yang dibohongi menangkap apa yang dibualkan dan/atau menutupi apa pun yang ingin disembunyikan,” kata Martinez.
3. Bicara dengan Keras dan Cepat
Menurut Martinez, bicara dengan keras dan cepat juga dapat menjadi tanda kebohongan. Dengan pengalamannya bertahun-tahun menjadi terapis, Martinez memperhatikan bahwa banyak orang yang berbohong akan bicara dengan lebih keras dan lebih cepat.
“Hal itu untuk memastikan mereka mengeluarkan cerita secepat dan semeyakinkan mungkin, tanpa memberi waktu bagi orang lain sedikit pun untuk menyela, memberi umpan balik, atau bertanya,” ujar Martinez.
Jika orang lain mengklarifikasi tentang sesuatu, Martinez mencatat bahwa pembohong mungkin menjadi defensif atau semakin meninggikan suaranya.
4. Menggunakan Banyak Kata Pengisi Jeda
Pengacara Andrew Pickett, dari Andrew Pickett Law, menyebutkan, pemakaian kata-kata pengisi jeda secara berlebihan bisa jadi tanda kebohongan. Contoh kata pengisi jeda seperti ‘uh’ dan ‘mmm’ atau penggunaan bahasa nonspesifik lainnya.
“Saat seseorang mengatakan yang sebenarnya, ucapannya cenderung lebih langsung dan spesifik. Ini karena mereka memahami dengan jelas apa yang mereka katakan dan dapat mengungkapkannya dengan percaya diri,” ujar Pickett.
5. Cerita yang Tidak Konsisten
Isyarat verbal terbesar bahwa seseorang berbohong adalah cerita yang tidak sesuai dan tidak konsisten. Pengacara dan mitra pengelola di Gadsby Wicks, Inggris, Gillian Gadsby, menuturkan, dia selalu mengajukan pertanyaan yang sama dalam beberapa cara berbeda selama menjalankan tugasnya.
Cara itu dipakai untuk memastikan semua cerita yang disampaikan sesuai meski ditanyakan berkali-kali serta tidak ada lubang dalam cerita.
“Begitu saya mulai melihat kebohongan atau cerita berlebihan dan membingungkan, saya menggali ke area itu dan mencari tahu dasarnya,” kata Gadsby.
Bahasa Tubuh
Di samping isyarat verbal, dikutip dari laman Klik Dokter, juga ada beberapa ‘bahasa tubuh’ yang menunjukkan tanda-tanda orang sedang berbohong. Bahasa tubuh tersebut yakni:
1. Posisi Tubuh Menutup Diri
Orang yang sedang berbohong dapat dilihat dari gerakan atau bahasa tubuhnya.
Tubuh yang membungkuk atau seperti melindungi tubuh adalah salah satu ciri orang yang sedang berbohong. Mereka cenderung menutup tubuhnya secara tidak sadar.
2. Gerakan Tubuh yang Tidak Perlu
Pembohong biasanya banyak melakukan gestur atau gerakan tubuh yang tidak perlu untuk menutupi kebohongannya.
Kendati begitu, ada juga orang yang berbohong dan terlihat tenang selama percakapan. Hal ini dilakukan untuk mengelabui dan membuat kamu yakin akan hal yang disampaikannya.
Kemungkinan lainnya, pembohong justru melakukan gerakan hati-hati agar lawan bicaranya tidak curiga.
Gerakan-gerakan yang dimaksud, seperti memegang tangan, duduk diam, berbicara perlahan, dan menjaga agar gerakan wajah yang dilakukan tidak terlalu banyak.
3. Menghindari Kontak Mata
Cara mengetahui orang berbohong menurut psikologi dapat terlihat dari kontak mata.
Ya, pembohong cenderung menghindari kontak mata dengan lawan bicaranya. Sebab, orang yang berbohong sering tidak percaya diri dengan apa yang sedang diucapkannya.
4. Ekspresi Tidak Cocok dengan yang Dikatakan
Bahasa tubuh atau ekspresi orang yang berbohong sering kali tidak cocok dengan cerita atau pernyataan yang sedang mereka katakan.
Salah satu contohnya adalah menggelengkan kepala ketika sedang menjawab “ya”.
5. Tubuh Berkeringat
Sistem saraf otonom dapat terpacu ketika seseorang berbohong. Hal ini menyebabkan muncul keringat, terutama di daerah T pada wajah (sekitar dahi, di atas bibir, sekitar mulut, dan dagu).
Ciri-ciri orang yang sedang berbohong yakni mudah berkeringat, meskipun tidak sedang di ruangan yang panas.
6. Bibir Tampak Kering
Terpacunya saraf otonom ketika berbohong tidak hanya menyebabkan tubuhmu berkeringat, namun juga kesulitan mengontrol keluarnya cairan dalam tubuh.
Akibatnya orang yang berbohong bisa mengalami kekurangan cairan yang dapat ditandai dengan bibir yang tampak kering.
Tanda bibir kering ini dapat disertai juga dengan seringnya orang tersebut menggigit atau membasahi bibir dengan lidah, ataupun sering menelan ludah. (des)***
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