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Beranda PENDIDIKAN KILAS EDUKASI Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX, Legenda Pencetus Nama Pramuka
PENDIDIKAN, KILAS EDUKASI  

Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX, Legenda Pencetus Nama Pramuka

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sri sultan hamengkubuwono ix bapak pramuka indonesia 43
Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX, Bapak Pramuka Indonesia dan pencetus istilah Pramuka, (Foto: Dok. Arsip Nasional RI).

ZONALITERASI.ID – Organisasi kepramukaan dari Baden Powell semula dibawa Belanda ke Nusantara pada masa penjajahan. Bentuknya yakni organisasi kepanduan, bernama Persatuan Pandu-Pandu Hindia Belanda (Nederland Indische Padvinders Vereeniging/NIPV).

Dikutip dari Seri Ensiklopedi Sejarah Pramuka Indonesia dan Cikal Bakal Jambore Nasional, oleh R Toto Sugiarto dkk, istilah Padvinders merujuk pada istilah untuk organisasi pramuka yang ada di Belanda.

Para pemimpin gerakan kemerdekaan melihat gerakan kepanduan bisa dimanfaatkan untuk membentuk karakter manusia Indonesia. Dari situ, muncul organisasi kepanduan yang mereka prakarsai. Beberapa di antaranya yakni Sarekat Islam Afdeling Padvindery dan Jong Java Padvindery (JJP).

Antara tahun 1928–1935 bermuncullah gerakan kepramukaan Indonesia, baik yang bernapas utama kebangsaan maupun bernafas agama. Kepramukaan yang bernapas kebangsaan dapat dicatat, yaitu Pandu Indonesia (PI), Padvinders Organisatie Pasundan (POP), Pandu Kesultanan (PK), Sinar Pandu Kita (SPK) dan Kepanduan Rakyat Indonesia (KRI).

Adapun yang bernapas agama, yaitu Pandu Ansor, Al Wathoni, Hizbul Wathan, Kepanduan Islam Indonesia (KII), Islamitische Padvinders Organisatie (IPO), Tri Darma (Kristen), Kepanduan Asas Katolik Indonesia (KAKI), dan Kepanduan Masehi Indonesia (KMI).

Sebagai upaya untuk menggalang kesatuan dan persatuan, Badan Pusat Persaudaraan Kepanduan Indonesia (BPPKI) merencanakan “All Indonesian Jamboree”. Rencana ini mengalami beberapa perubahan, baik dalam waktu pelaksanaan maupun nama kegiatan, yang kemudian disepakati diganti dengan “Perkemahan Kepanduan Indonesia Oemoem” disingkat PERKINO dan dilaksanakan pada 19–23 Juli 1941 di Yogyakarta.

Bapak Pramuka Indonesia

Dalam perkembangan Pramuka di zaman kemerdekaan, peran Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX begitu besar. Raja Kasultanan Yogyakarta ke-9 ini merupakan pencetus nama pramuka dan kemudian ditetapkan sebagai Bapak Pramuka Indonesia.

Ketua Kwartir Nasional Gerakan Pramuka pertama ini resmi menjabat mulai 14 Agustus 1961. Tanggal 14 Agustus juga kelak diperingati sebagai Hari Pramuka.

Sebelum berkiprah di era kemerdekaan, Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX pun aktif di dalam gerakan pramuka masa-masa prakemerdekaan Indonesia.

Pria kelahiran Yogyakarta, 12 April 1912 yang terlahir dengan nama Gusti Raden Mas Dorodjatun ini tercatat sebagai anggota welp atau siaga pada 1921. Pandu siaga adalah jenjang kepramukaan paling dasar saat itu yang diperuntukkan bagi anak usia 6-11 tahun, seperti dikutip dari Sejarah Gerakan Pramuka oleh Ferizal.

Menuju dewasa, Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX aktif di kepanduan. Jelang tahun 1960-an, ia menjadi pemimpin kepanduan yang disebut Pandu Agung. Presiden Soekarno aktif berdiskusi dengannya terkait penyatuan organisasi-organisasi kepanduan, pendirian gerakannya, dan pengembangannya.

Mengusulkan Nama Pramuka

Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX mengusulkan nama pramuka. Inspirasinya dari kata poromuko, yang artinya pasukan terdepan dalam perang. Istilah pramuka ini lalu menjadi singkatan untuk praja muda karana, yang artinya jiwa muda yang suka berkarya.

Organisasi pramuka nasional resmi di Indonesia kelak terbentuk berdasarkan Tap MPRS No II/MPRS/1960 pada 3 Desember 1960. Presiden Soekarno membubarkan organisasi-organisasi kepanduan di Indonesia dan meleburnya jadi organisasi pramuka. Soekarno pun melantik Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX sebagai Ka Kwarnas Pertama pada 14 Agustus 1961.

Jasa Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX di bidang kepramukaan Indonesia membuatnya diganjar Bronze World Award 1973 dari World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM). Penghargaan ini merupakan yang tertinggi dan satu-satunya dari WOSM pada sosok berjasa dalam pengembangan kepramukaan di dunia.

Dalam kerjanya, Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX di mata dunia dinilai berjasa besar dalam membangun Gerakan Pramuka, terutama di transisi dari kepanduan menjadi kepramukaan. Musyawarah Nasional Gerakan Pramuka 1988 pun mengukuhkan Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX menjadi Bapak Pramuka Indonesia, sebagaimana tertuang di Surat Keputusan No 10/MUNAS/88 tentang Bapak Pramuka.

Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX meninggal di Washington DC, AS, 1 Oktober 1988. (des)***

 

 

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