OVER the past decade, digital technology has developed rapidly. Communities around the world are carefully preparing how can these digital technology programs be taught in schools as a crucial part of achieving student competencies in the 21st century.
In this digital era, education system can no longer operate on conventional approach. Rapid technological change demands that schools shall adapt and provide students with any relevant skills. In Indonesia, for example, the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education has announced a new policy concerning with the development of digital technology. Starting in this academic year, coding and artificial intelligence (AI) subjects will be included in the curriculum as elective subjects for schools that are ready to provide it to their students. This policy is part of the government’s efforts to increase the digitalization of learning and prepare a younger generation that is more adaptable to technological developments. Initially, not all schools are required to implement this policy immediately. The government recognizes that infrastructure and teaching staff readiness vary across regions. Therefore, the implementation will be carried out in stages, starting with schools that already have adequate facilities and teachers competent in digital technology.
Digitalization of learning is the main foundation of this policy. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, many schools in many countries have become accustomed to using technology in the teaching and learning process. But in some parts of countries, the use of digital technology has not been implemented properly in all schools. Many schools have still lack adequate internet facilities and telecommunications systems.
Digitalization of learning allows students to access course materials more flexibly, without being limited by space and time. Teachers can also use various digital resources to make learning more engaging and interactive. With the advancement of technology, digitalization is no longer just an option, but it is a necessity for students to have capabilities on digital competencies. One important aspect of digitalization of learning is coding. Until now, coding has often been considered as something that is addressed only for students who are interested in information technology. However, numerous studies have shown that learning to code is having beneficial not only for those who want to become programmers, but for all students who are able to foster logical thinking, problem-solving, and creativity. By learning to code, students can understand how does the systems work, from mobile phone apps to automated machines in factories. Furthermore, this skill opens up significant opportunities in the future workforce, given that many professions now require a basic understanding of programming and digital technology. This presents a challenge for education systems in every country, ensuring that digitalization of learning plays a strategic role in creating global citizens with adequate digital literacy.
In addition to coding, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is also becoming an increasingly important topic in education. AI has begun to be applied in various aspects of life, including in learning and education system in the World. This technology enables personalization in education, where AI systems can tailor lesson materials to each student’s needs and abilities. This makes learning more effective and efficient. Furthermore, understanding AI also helps students develop critical and analytical thinking skills. They will not only become AI users but also be able to understand how this technology works and its impact on society.
At various levels of education, the application of digital learning, coding, and AI can be tailored to the student’s developmental level. At the primary school level, basic technological concepts can be introduced through educational games and interactive activities. Students can learn logical thinking in a fun way, for example, through apps that teach coding visually. At the junior high school level, students are introduced to the basics of coding and simple AI concepts, as well as the application of technology in small projects. Then, at the high school level, coding and AI learning can be more in-depth through exploration of algorithms, application development, and case studies of AI applications in various fields. All of this learning experience is intended to ensure that digital literacy, including the use of coding and AI, becomes a crucial competency for young people in various countries.
Of course, this policy is not without challenges. One of the biggest obstacles is availability of infrastructure. Many schools, especially in rural areas, find having lack adequate technological facilities. Slow internet connections and a lack of computer equipment hinder the optimal implementation of digital learning. Furthermore, teaching staffs are also a key factor in the success of this program. Not all teachers have proper digital technology. They need specialized training to effectively teach coding and AI in schools.
Despite the challenges, this government initiative is commendable. The world is currently moving towards an era where technology is an integral part of everyday life. By providing students with digital skills, coding, and AI from an early age, they are able to improve their digital literacy. The education system, including Indonesia, will not only adapt to the current developments on technology but also become a pioneer in technological innovation, including strengthening coding and AI for the younger generation.
This means that educational transformation shall be done. Empowering young global citizens with the passion and commitment is compulsory. They will become smarter, more creative, and more prepared to face global challenges in the digital age. In other words, digitalization of learning, coding, and artificial intelligence are crucial aspects of every country’s education system. ***
Dinn Wahyudin, Professor of Curriculum Development at the Indonesian Education University (UPI), Deputy Chancellor I of the Indonesian Cooperative University (IKOPIN University).
