ZONALITERASI.ID – Jika Anda salah satu orangtua yang memiliki anak penyandang autisme atau biasa disebut anak berkebutuhan khusus (ABK), jangan lelah dan bersedih hati. Karena anak tersebut masih bisa tumbuh optimal.
Salah satu cara pendekatan yang berguna untuk diterapkan dalam mendidik dan membesarkan ABK adalah dengan menerapkan psikologi positif. Ini merupakan pandangan bahwa seseorang dapat menjadi yang terbaik versi dirinya sendiri dan bagaimana seseorang dapat menjalani hidup dengan bahagia dan optimis, bagaimanapun kondisinya.
Adapun psikologi positif sangat berguna diterapkan oleh siapa aja, termasuk bagi orangtua yang membesarkan ABK. Dirangkum dari laman Sahabat Keluarga Kemendikbudristek, berikut 5 tips yang dapat dilakukan orangtua dalam mendidik ABK:
1) Anak diperlakukan sebagai manusia utuh
Hal pertama yang harus ditanamkan pada pola pikir orangtua agar tetap bahagia ialah mengakui, menerima, dan mengizinkan kondisi anak sebagaimana layaknya manusia yang harus diperlakukan dengan baik.
Kita mengetahui bahwa setiap manusia/anak memiliki keunikan, kelebihan, dan kekurangannya masing-masing. Namun jangan jadikan keunikan dan kekurangan itu sebagai sesuatu yang menghalangi anak untuk belajar tentang aturan, norma, dan nilai-nilai yang berlaku di masyarakat.
Bagi orangtua, agar selalu mengajarkan nilai-nilai kebaikan pada ABK tetapi ingatlah kapasitas dirinya dalam menjalankan apa yang sudah diajarkan.
2) Pendidikan sesuai kebutuhannya
Ketika anak sudah tidak mampu mengikuti pelajaran di sekolah umum, sebaiknya orangtua tidak langsung menyerah begitu saja. Namun orangtua harus mencari alternatif pendidikan lain yang cocok dengan kondisi dan kebutuhan sang anak. Bisa ke sekolah inklusi, sekolah khusus untuk anak berkebutuhan khusus dan sebagainya.
Sebelum menentukan tempat pendidikan yang tepat untuk anak, sebaiknya konsultasikan dulu dengan psikolog agar lebih mendapatkan informasi yang lebih komprehensif.
Bagaimanapun juga, ABK harus tetap mendapatkan pendidikan demi menyalurkan potensi dan menggapai masa depannya. Ini karena semua anak berhak untuk berguna bagi bangsa dan negara meskipun di lingkup yang berbeda-beda.
3) Optimis anak mampu
Pastinya, sebagian orangtua berpikir kalau ABK tidak bisa apa-apa atau tidak bisa berprestasi. Anggapan ini kurang tepat karena kondisi anak jika diberikan kesempatan untuk tumbuh, ia akan sukses pada waktunya.
Hal ini bisa dicontohkan dnegan banyak tokoh dunia yang berkebutuhan khusus. Seperti Stephen Hawking seorang ilmuwan fisika, Satoshi Tajiri si pencipta Pokemon, Matt Savage seorang musisi jazz proefesional dan masih banyak lagi.
Karena itu, bukan tidak mungkin bahwa ABK bisa berprestasi. Jadi orangtua harus memberikan fasilitas sesuai minat, bakat, dan kreativitasnya. Bisa pula diajarkan untuk membatik atau membuat suatu kerajinan tangan.
Anda harus yakin, mereka bisa menunjukkan kepercayaan yang positif jika Anda juga menunjukkannya di depan anak. Secara tidak langsung mereka akan ikut merasa positif.
4) Selalu bersyukur
Ada satu teknik untuk meningkatkan emosi positif dalam diri. Caranya ialah dengan menulis hal-hal yang orangtua syukuri di dalam hidup. Beberapa penelitian dijelaskan, dengan menulis daftar rasa syukur orangtua dapat mengalihkan segala sesuatu yang negatif menjadi positif.
Orangtua juga lebih merasa perhatian terhadap sekitar, optimis, energik, dan lebih dekat dengan anak. Akhirnya orangtua cenderung merasa bahagia.
5) Coba untuk santai sejenak
Memang benar dalam mendidik dan membesarkan ABK, orangtua butuh tenaga lebih besar dibanding anak-anak pada umumnya. Karena itu, agar stres, emosi negatif, dan amarah yang muncul tidak memperburuh keadaan, maka bisa melakukan santai sejenak.
Caranya ialah dengan memposisikan tubuh senyaman mungkin, mengambil napas dalam-dalam selama 3 detik dan dibuang perlahan lewat mulut. Ini bisa dilakukan 3-4 kali hingga merasa lebih tenang. Ketika Anda melakukan cara ini, diharapkan mampu mengurangi semua emosi negatif serta memberikan kesempatan pada diri sendiri untuk berpikir jernih kembali.***
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