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Beranda PENDIDIKAN BIMBINGAN & KONSELING Kenali Stres Akademik Anak di Masa Pandemi
BIMBINGAN & KONSELING, PENDIDIKAN  

Kenali Stres Akademik Anak di Masa Pandemi

Redaksi
19b155baa9487fb1e8cd3c94d3001b05
(Ilustrasi: Media Indonesia)

Oleh Mudjie Hartono

PEMBELAJARAN online sudah berlangsung setahun lebih dengan segala dinamikanya. Terjadi perubahan budaya dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar dari tatap muka menjadi daring menggunakan perangkat media internet.

Pembicaraan suka duka dan kendala pembelajaran online ramai dibicarakan dari emak-emak di warung sayuran hingga artis-artis di media gosip. Mulai dari jaringannya yang lemot, kuota mahal, anaknya malas, hingga banyaknya tugas yang membebani anak-anak. Keluh kesah pembelajaran daring mengalir liar seperti bola salju.

Perubahan situasi dan cara belajar daring banyak membuat kerepotan anak didik. Jadwal yang padat, tugas yang banyak, kuota habis, dan jaringan internet lemot menjadi tekanan buat anak didik. Beragam tekanan ini menjadi faktor timbulnya stres akademik bagi anak didik. Ironinya banyak orang tua yang tidak menyadari bahwa anaknya mengalami stres akademik.

Stres akademik adalah suatu keadaan atau kondisi berupa gangguan fisik, mental, atau emosional yang disebabkan ketidaksesuian antara tuntutan lingkungan dengan sumber daya aktual yang dimiliki siswa sehingga mereka semakin terbebani dengan berbagai tekanan dan tuntutan di sekolah.

Menurut Sriati (2008:7), stres akademik ditandai dengan munculnya gejala-gejala sebagai berikut:

1) Reaksi Fisik

Reaksi fisik yang dimaksud antara lain: sakit perut, mudah lelah, memegang benda dengan erat, otot tegang, sakit kepala, suka berkeringat dingin, sering buang air kecil, denyut jantung meningkat, tangan dingin.

2) Pikiran

Gejala pada aspek pikiran antara lain: bingung atau pikiran kacau, pelupa, tidak punya tujuan hidup, berpikir negatif, prestasi menurun, kehilangan harapan, merasa tidak berguna, merasa tidak menikmati hidup, sulit berkonsentrasi, sulit membuat keputusan, tidak punya prioritas.

3) Perilaku

Perilaku yang ditunjukkan oleh siswa yang mengalami stres akademik antara lain: gugup, suka bohong, tidak disiplin, tidak peduli terhadap materi, suka menggerutu, sulit konsentrasi, malas belajar, tidak mengerjakan tugas, suka mengambil jalan pintas, tidak punya keterampilan atau kompetensi, suka menyendiri, menghindari situasi stres, insomnia, menyalahkan orang lain.

4) Reaksi Emosi

Reaksi emosi pada siswa yang mengalami stres akademik yaitu: mudah marah, panik, mudah kecewa, tidak ada rasa humor, gelisah, merasa ketakutan.

Terapi Stres Akademik

Menurut Hawari (1997:51), metode atau cara yang digunakan untuk mengatasi stres akademik adalah dengan memberikan terapi gangguan stres dan depresi, antara lain sebagai berikut:

1) Psikoterapi psikiatrik

Bentuk terapi ini menganut asas-asas psikiatri yang lazim. Tujuan utama jenis terapi ini adalah untuk memulihkan kepercayaan diri (self confidence) dan memperkuat fungsi ego. Dalam terapi ini memulihkan kemampuan belajar siswa yang sebelumnya luntur dengan menanamkan kepercayaan terhadap anak didik.

2) Psikoterapi keagamaan

Memberikan psikoterapi dari sudut pandang agama dianjurkan karena sebagian peserta didik adalah orang yang beragama. Tujuan dari terapi ini adalah menambahkan intensitas keagamaan pasien. Dalam terapi ini lebih menekankan pada pemberian materi rohani yang dapat menentramkan jiwa peserta didik, selain itu terapi ini juga bisa menambah ketenangan batin anak didik.

3) Psikofarmaka

Terapi psikofarmaka (farmakoterapi) adalah terapi dengan menggunakan obat antidepresan. Obat antidepresan yang merupakan pilihan utama baik pada gangguan bipolar ataupun pada depresi, hal ini dimungkinkan untuk tingkat stres yang cenderung mengarah ke depresi.

4) Terapi Relaksasi

Jenis terapi ini diberikan kepada pasien yang mudah disugesti (suggestible). Metode ini lazimnya dilakukan oleh terapis yang menggunakan hypnosis. Dengan terapi sugesti ini klien dilatih untuk melakukan relaksasi (mind and body relaxation). Terapi ini memberikan sugesti atau energi positif yang memungkinkan klien bisa relaks dengan metode hipnotis.

Orang tua harus lebih memperhatikan anak-anaknya agar segera diketahui ciri-ciri stres akademik untuk segera dilakukan tindakan penanganannya. Terlebih di masa pandemi seperti sekarang ini potensi anak mengalami stres akademik menjadi meningkat. (disarikan dari beberapa sumber)***

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