ZONALITERASI.ID – Sejumlah universitas tertua dunia tersebar di Maroko, Mesir, Inggris, Spanyol, dan Italia.
Universitas tertua di dunia berdiri pada abad pertengahan. Sebagian besar universitas yang didirikan pada zaman itu, terus berkembanga seiring perkembangan zaman.
Dilansir dari Oldest.org, berikut ini 7 universitas tertua di dunia.
1. Universitas Al-Qarawiyyin (Maroko) – 859 M.
Universitas tertua di dunia ini terletak di Fez, Maroko, dan awalnya merupakan sebuah masjid yang pertama didirikan oleh Fatima al-Fihri pada 859 M.
2. Al-Azhar University (Mesir) – 975 M.
Meski sering digadang-gadang sebagai universitas tertua di dunia, Al-Azhar berdiri lebih dari seabad sejak Al- Qarrawiyyih didirikan pada abad ke-9 M. Al- Azhar merupakan universitas tertua di Mesir dan jadi universitas pertama yang jadi pusat pembelajaran Islam.
3. Oxford University (Inggris) – 1096 M.
Universitas Oxford berdiri sejak 1096 M dan melahirkan banyak ilmuwan dan peraih nobel dunia, salah satunya adalah Stephen Hawking. Lembaga pendidikan ini berkembang pesat pada 1167, ketika raja Henry II melarang para mahasiswa Inggris untuk bersekolah di Universitas Paris.
Oxford pernah ditutup dua kali yaitu pada 1209 dan 1355 karena kondisi sosial politik Inggris yang kurang kondusif.
4. University of Salamanca (Spanyol) – 1134 M.
Universitas yang sudah didirikan sejak abad-12 M. ini berlokasi di kota Salamanca, Spanyol Tengah. Universitas Salamanca diketahui memiliki lebih dari 80 program sarjana.
5. University of Bologna (Italia) – 1088 M.
University of Bologna adalah universitas tertua di Eropa yang dibangun pada abad ke-11 dan jadi pemimpin inovasi di dunia Barat hingga masuk era perang dunia kedua.
Beberapa program studi pilihan yang bisa diambil di universitas ini adalah Teknologi Pangan, Ekonomi dan Manajemen, Ilmu Pendidikan, Teknik Arsitektur, Hukum, Kedokteran, dan masih banyak lagi.
6. Cambridge University (Inggris) – 1209 M.
Tak hanya Oxford, Inggris juga punya Cambridge sebagai universitas tertua kedua di dunia yang berbahasa Inggris. Universitas ini didirikan oleh para sarjana yang meninggalkan Universitas Oxford karena perselisihan pada awal abad-13.
7. University of Padua (Italia) – 1222 M.
University of Padua didirikan pada abad-13 M dan jadi salah satu dari sejumlah universitas abad pertengahan di Italia yang masih beroperasi hingga saat ini. Universitas ini terkenal karena penelitian awalnya yang revolusioner dalam bidang astronomi, kedokteran, filsafat, dan hukum. (haf)***
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