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Mengenang Masa Keemasan Perajin Langseng di Cileunyi Kabupaten Bandung

FOTO PERSIB 156
Perajin langseng di Desa Cileunyi Cileunyi Kulon, Kecamatan Cileunyi, Kabupaten Bandung, (Foto: Istimewa).

ZONALITERASI.ID – Bagi penyuka langseng (dandang), nama Desa Cileunyi Kulon, Kecamatan Cileunyi, Kabupaten Bandung sebagai sentra perajin langseng tak asing lagi. Dari wilayah timur Kabupaten Bandung ini, langseng didistribusikan langsung ke berbagai penjuru Tanah Air, dari Sabang sampai Merauke.

Namun, masa keemasan Desa Cileunyi Kulon sebagai sentra perajin langseng di Kabupaten Bandung telah berlalu. Di era serbaelektrik ini, langseng sebagai penyokong utama masak-memasak makin ditinggalkan. Misalnya, orang lebih memilih rice cooker dan magic com tinimbang langseng untuk menanak nasi.

Nah, konon, saat penggunaan langseng masih jadi primadona, pada tahun ’60-an hingga ’90-an, merupakan masa jaya-jayanya perajin langseng. Waktu itu, jumlah perajin di Cileunyi Kulon mencapai ratusan orang. Namun, kini, perajin langseng yang tersisa tinggal 10 orang saja.

Membeludaknya pembelian langseng dari Cileunyi bukan hal aneh. Keberadaan perajin langseng di Desa Cileunyi Kulon memang sudah melegenda. Sentra perajin langseng di kawasan ini satu-satunya di Kabupaten Bandung. Bahkan, untuk lingkup Jawa Barat, perajin langseng di Cileunyi Kulon hanya memiliki saingan di Rajapolah, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya.

Untuk mengetahui ikhwal dunia perlangsengan ini, Zonaliterasi.id berbincang dengan salah satu perajin langseng yang masih bertahan hingga saat ini, Mamat Rahmat (66).

Menurut Mamat, dikenalnya kawasan Cileunyi Kulon sebagai sentra perajin langseng bukan bualan. Produksi langseng perajin di kawasan itu, bukan hanya dipasarkan di kawasan Bandung Raya, namun sudah merambah ke berbagai daerah di Nusantara. Mulai Jawa, Sulawesi, Kalimantan, Nusa Tenggara, hingga Papua jadi tujuan pemasaran produk ini.

“Saat masa keemasan pemasaran langseng tahun 80-an hingga 90-an, pabrik langseng yang saya kelola bisa mengirimkan lima truk langseng dalam sehari. Itu untuk memenuhi permintaan dari berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Namun, untuk saat ini, memasarkan paling banyak empat truk langseng dalam sebulan saja sudah untung,” kata Mamat, beberapa waktu lalu.

Perajin yang memiliki pabrik langseng di Kampung Cikalang Kulon, Desa Cileunyi Wetan itu, menuturkan, merosotnya pemasaran langseng dipicu oleh semakin meroketnya harga bahan baku produk itu. Untuk saat ini, kata dia, harga tembaga yang jadi bahan baku langseng mencapai ratusan ribu rupiah.

Di sisi lain, lanjut Mamat, permintaan pasar justru menyusut. Berbarengan dengan semakin mewabahnya penggunaan alat masak yang serbamenggunakan listrik, minat masyarakat untuk menggunakan langseng pun makin berkurang.

Mamat mengungkapkan, untuk menyiasati kondisi itu, para perajin berupaya mencari bahan baku alternatif di luar tembaga. Maka, munculah bahan baku langseng yang disebut prim, secon, dan DG. Harga ketiga bahan baku itu lebih murah dibandingkan tembaga, hanya puluhan ribu rupiah per kilogramnya.

“Perajin berupaya sekuat tenaga untuk bertahan di tengah keterbatasan. Bahkan, karena ingin tetap eksis, akhirnya yang banyak diproduksi yaitu bahan baku jenis secon dan DG. Saat permintaan pasar yang semakin merosot, semua jenis langseng mulai ukuran 25 kilogram hingga 1 kilogram tetap kami produksi,” ujarnya.

Jemput Bola

Selanjutnya Mamat menuturkan, salah satu trik yang ditempuh perajin langseng agar produksinya tetap bertahan, yaitu cara pemasaran jemput bola. Berbeda dengan kiat pemasaran produk lain yang kebanyakan didahului dengan pemesanan barang, pemasaran langseng justru dilakukan dengan cara mendatangi konsumen secara langsung.

“Trik itu membuat kami bisa bertahan. Saya jamin, bila menemui pedagang yang menjajakan langseng di berbagai kawasan di Indonesia, itu berasal dari Cileunyi Kulon. Biasanya para pedagang yang menjadi ujung tombak pemasaran langseng itu menembus hingga ke pelosok yang kebanyakan warganya masih menggunakan langseng,” ujar Mamat.

Pernyataan Mamat dibenarkan oleh salah satu pedagang kawakan yang sudah berjualan langseng ke berbagai daerah sejak awal ‘70-an, Oyon Tahyan (69). Menurut Oyon, hampir seluruh kabupaten dan kota di Jawa sudah dia singgahi untuk menjajakan langseng.

Bahkan, dia pernah melanglang ke beberapa provinsi di pulau Sumatera, seperti Lampung, Bengkulu, Sumatera Selatan, dan Aceh.

“Soal dagang langseng hingga ke pulau Sumatera mah sudah biasa. Saya biasa menjajakan langseng dari kampung ke kampung. Saya menjajakan langseng dengan cara dipikul. Tentu saja menjajakannya sambil berjalan,” ujar Oyon.

Disebutkan Oyon, jika berjualan langseng ke luar Jawa, dia bisa meninggalkan Cileunyi Kulon sampai 6 bulan. Namun, kata dia, itu tak jadi persoalan. Yang penting barang laku dan uang pun bisa dibawa pulang.

“Saat penjualan langseng sedang jaya-jayanya, hasil berjualan langseng selama enam bulan bisa dijadikan tanggelan (sumber utama pendapatan) untuk memenuhi kebutuhan rumah tangga dan sekolah anak-anak. Namun, itu hanya jadi kenangan. Masa keemasan penjualan langseng telah berlalu. Jika saya tak memiliki usaha sampingan membuka jongko gorengan di Cileunyi Kulon, kebutuhan rumah tangga tak bisa terpenuhi,” pungkas Oyon. (dede suherlan)***

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