Membangun Minat Baca Siswa

Oleh Agus Nurjaman

ilustrasi membaca buku 20160225 193220
(Ilustrasi: Tribunnews.com)

PERNAHKAH Anda mencoba meneliti, seberapa banyak siswa yang berkunjung ke perpustakaan sekolah? Mengapa mereka lebih tertarik berkunjung ke tempat lain? Sudah menurunkah minat baca mereka? Pertanyaan-pertanyaan tersebut seolah menjadi bukti bahwa dorongan dan minat para siswa untuk membaca buku sangatlah kurang. Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan minat baca di kalangan siswa nyaris tidak ada. Mereka lebih suka memainkan gadget atau sekadar ngobrol dengan rekan-rekannya. Kondisi ini jelas sangat memprihatinkan, padahal banyak ilmu dan pengetahuan yang bisa didapatkan dari kegiatan membaca. Jika keadaan ini terus menerus berlangsung di mana para siswa lebih memilih kegiatan yang menyenangkan selain membaca maka tujuan untuk menjadikan masyarakat yang literat akan sangat jauh tercapai, ibarat “jauh panggang dari api”. Padahal membaca akan menyebabkan seseorang menjadi pintar. Kalau sudah banyak orang pintar di negeri ini maka niscaya akan menajadi negeri yang maju. Sedangkan jika banyak orang yang tidak membaca maka akan banyak orang yang bodoh, kalau di negeri ini banyak orang bodoh maka tunggu kemunduran dan kehancurannya. “Nauzdubillah himindzaliq”.

Membangun Minat Baca di kalangan siswa! Ya, itulah yang harus kita lakukan! Bagaimana caranya? Memberi pemahaman dan arti penting sebuah buku pada siswa diharapkan mampu membangun minat baca siswa. Jika mereka sudah kena batunya akan pentingnya sebuah buku yang menjadi sumber bacaan niscaya minat baca di kalangan siswa akan tumbuh dengan sendirinya.

Satu hal lagi membangun minat baca siswa berarti harus bersinergi dengan perpustakaan sebagai sarana yang tepat penyedia bahan bacaan. Sebab jika kedua institusi ini tidak ada sinergi atau saling mensuport, maka akan tumpang tindih, mustahil minat baca akan tumbuh. Itu hanya akan menjadi wacana saja dan tidak akan terimplementasi. Sedangkan menumbuhkan minat baca di kalangan siswa bukanlah hal yang mudah.

Pertama sekali kita harus mengenalkan arti sebuah buku dan betapa pentingnya kegiatan membaca dalam proses pembelajaran seorang siswa. Maka tugas kita sebagai seorang guru adalah menciptakan dan mendoktrin para siswa dengan jargon-jargon tentang buku sehingga bisa merasuk ke dalam pikiran mereka tentang pentingnya sebuah buku sebagai suatu kebutuhan. Cara ini diharapkan mampu membangun minat baca siswa.

Jargon luhur yang sangat luar biasa yang sering kita dengarkan mengenai buku, “sebaik-baik guru adalah buku dan buku adalah gudang ilmu” dan “sebaik-baiknya teman duduk adalah buku”, seharusnya ini menjadi motivasi yang dapat membakar, menumbuhkan semangat kecintaan kita untuk terus membaca. Berbudaya tinggi dengan tradisi membaca.

Ada sebuah pepatah klasik yang menyatakan betapa pentingya sebuah buku bagi keberlangsungan khasanah keilmuan peradaban manusia. M. Musthafa mengatakan, bahwa masyarakat Indonesia yang bergerak cepat. Yaitu suatu masyarakat yang bergerak dari suatu keadaan praliterer ke dalam keadaan pascaliterer, dari satu lingkungan yang tidak pernah membaca ke dalam suatu lingkungan yang tak hendak membaca, di mana media televisi mengisi hampir 50% dari waktu senggang malam hari orang Indonesia yang berpendidikan menengah.

Diakui atau tidak, di masyarakat kita produk teknologi bersifat audio-visual mempunyai reting paling tinggi. Nyaris bisa dipastikan di setiap rumah memiliki vasilitas audio – visual dengan segala perangkat keras yang berhubungan dengan itu, seperti CD-Player, TV.

Akan tetapi belum tentu di setiap rumah memiliki perpustakaan, karena jika sebuah rumah memiliki barang produk-produk teknologi maka kelasnya akan naik dan bergengsi. Beda ketika rumah tersebut memiliki kumpulan buku dalam rak-rak terkesan kolot dan kuno. Padahal jika kita cermati buku sangat memegang peranan dalam fase kehidupan seorang manusia.

Membaca merupakan perbuatan yang sangat membebani masyarakat Indonesia. Bangsa Indonesia termasuk masyarakat yang bukan “Reading Society”. Membaca masih menjadi suatu kewajiban di negeri ini, bukanlah sebagai suatu kebutuhan. Maka sangat tidak mengherankan jika bangsa Indonesia selalu menempati urutan terbawah pada survei lembaga-lembaga masyarakat dalah hal membaca. Ternyata minat baca masyarakat Indonesia sangatlah rendah, bahkan membaca tidak terlalu populer di kalangan masyarakat Indonesia. Hal tersebut menggambarkan betapa rendahnya minat baca masyarakat Indonesia, khususnya anak-anak SD. Ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Indonesia belum memiliki budaya membaca. Jadi tidak heran apabila sumber daya manusia di Indonesia juga rendah yang menyebabkan kurang majunya Indonesia dibanding negara tetangga.

Padahal banyak pakar menganalisa bahwa karakter bangsa ini bisa meningkat melalui membaca. Memiliki budaya tinggi dengan tradisi membaca akan membawa bangsa ini ke tatanan bangsa yang literat. Dengan begitu bangsa ini akan menjadi bangsa yang sangat kaya.

Melihat hal tersebut maka pemerintah daerah maupun pusat sudah mulai menggeliat dan menggebrak berbagai program yang ada kaitannya dengan kegiatan membaca. Misalnya pemerintah meluncurkan program Gerakan Literasi Sekolah berdasarkan Permendikbud Nomor 21 tentang penumbuhan Budi Pekerti. Ini menujukan kepedulian Pemerintah terhadap kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan membaca.

Secara umum tujuan GLS adalah menumbuhkembangkan budi pekerti di Indonesia melalui pembudayaan ekosistem literasi sekolah yang diwujudkan dalam Gerakan Literasi Sekolah agar mereka menjadi pembelajar sepanjang hayat. Ini adalah cara yang sangat hebat yang dilakukan oleh para petinggi sebagai pergerakan dalam membangun minat baca siswa di Indonesia. Jika semua kalangan bergerak dan selalu berusaha dengan berbagai cara untuk membangu minat baca di negeri ini maka bukanlah suatu hal yang mustahil suat saat nanti Bangsa ini akan menjadi bangsa yang sangat maju di dunia ini.

Membangun minat baca juga berarti mendirikan fondasi negara yang sangat kokoh, karena jika masyarakat ini sudah memiliki budaya baca yang baik akan banyak orang pintar yang akan membangun tatanan negeri ini ke arah yang lebih baik. Dengan demikian masyarakat yang literat akan segera terwujud. Membangun fondasi yang kuat sangat diperlukan karena akan mewujudkan masyarakat yang pintar yang akan sanggup menghadapi gejolak pekembangan zaman yang serba tidak menentu. Lakukanlah berbagai cara dalam rangka membangun budaya baca sehingga minat baca siswa akan meningkat dan selalu menjadi tonggak kemajuan bangsa. “Don’t give up!”. itu kata kuncinya. Harapan besar kita suat saat nanti para siswa Indonesia menjadi masyarakat yang “Book Lovers”.***

Penulis adalah Guru Bidang Studi Bahasa Inggris di SMPN 1 Pasirjambu, Kabupaten Bandung.

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